Характеристика етапів ресоціалізації в сучасних соціокультурних умовах

Abstract

У статті авторами проводиться аналіз наукової літератури, періодичних джерел, у яких провідні науковці розкривають у правових, педагогічних та психологічних аспектах процес ресоціалізації. На цій основі проводиться визначення етапів ресоціалізації та розкриття їх змісту ы сутності у сучасних науково-теоретичних та практичних умовах діяльності та функціонування правової держави. In the article the authors analyse the science literature and periodical sources, in which the leading scientists reveal the legal, pedagogical and psychological aspects of resocialization process. According to this base the authors define the resocialization stages and reveal their content and essence in modern scientific-theoretical and practical conditions of the activities and the functioning of a legal state. The first resocialization stage is the resocialization in places of imprisonment where there is a convicted persons’ social adaptation, or habituation, to the conditions of a penal institution. It is an extremely difficult process, because of the specific conditions in these institutions, unwritten laws of conduct, nicknames, groups fighting for leadership and the requirements of the administration hurt the psyche of convicts, influence their labour and social activity, physiological and mental state. The second resocialization stage is preparation convicts for their discharge from places of imprisonment (it is provided for by the article 156 of the Criminal-Executive Code of Ukraine), since most of them (especially in long-term sentences) have no housing, profession, relationships with family, relatives, friends and acquaintances; they are sick and are in need of financial, medical and psychological help. The third resocialization stage is resocialization after discharge from penitentiary institutions. It is the most difficult stage. It shows the effectiveness of resocialization process at large. The fourth resocialization stage in the characterization is resocialization of persons with mental aberrations. The fifth stage is resocialization of minors. Thus, resocialization of the persons released from places of imprisonment is a complex of questions of moral, psychological and practical preparation the convicts for their discharge, the mastering new social roles after serving their sentence, the restoring useful social connections